中國文學英譯絮談
《紅樓夢》的兩種英譯
《紅樓夢》這部小說的英譯,先后有英人 McHugh 與王際真兩人的譯本,前者是從德人 Kuhn 的譯本轉(zhuǎn)譯的。
兩部英譯本都是節(jié)譯本,一百二十回的《紅樓夢》,前者譯成五十回,后者譯成六十回。
第一回,前者從“按那石上書云:當日地陷東南,這東南一隅有處曰姑蘇”譯起。后者譯得較全,在“按那石上書云”之前出現(xiàn)的兩首詩都譯了。
第一首是:
無材可去補蒼天,枉入紅塵若許年。
此系身前身后事,倩誰記去作奇?zhèn)鳎?/p>
王際真的英譯是:
Without merits that would entitle me to a place in the blue sky,
In vain have I lived in the Red Dust for so many years.
These are the events before my birth and after my death——
Who will transcribe them and give the world my story?
第二首是:
滿紙荒唐言,一把辛酸淚!
都云作者癡,誰解其中味?
英譯是:
Pages full of unlikely words,
Handfuls of hot, bitter tears.
They call the author a silly fool,
For they know not what he means.
譯文是精簡的。
第一回中,還有這樣一副對聯(lián):
“假作真時真亦假,無為有處有還無?!?/p>
這一副對聯(lián),McHugh 的譯本中也有譯文(見于第五回),如下:
When seeming is taken for being, being becomes seeming.
Where nothing is taken for something, something becomes nothing.
王際真的英譯如下:
When the unreal is taken for the real, then the real becomes unreal.
Where non-existence is taken for existence, then existence becomes non-existence.
你說哪一譯法好呢?
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