中國文學(xué)英譯絮談

沙楓

孫中山與黃興的詩

孫中山先生很少寫詩，有一首七律《挽劉道一》，是這樣的：

半壁東南三楚雄，劉郎死去霸圖空。
尚余遺孽艱難甚，誰與斯人慷慨同！
塞上秋風悲戰(zhàn)馬，神舟落日泣哀鴻。
幾時痛飲黃龍酒，橫攪江流一奠公。

黃興也有一首《吊劉道一烈士》：

英雄無命哭劉郎，慘淡中原俠骨香。
我未吞胡恢漢業(yè)，君先懸首看吳荒。
啾啾赤字天何意，獵獵黃旗日有光。
眼底人才思國士，萬方多難立蒼茫。

上述這兩首詩，都未見有英譯。

黃興下面這兩首曲卻是有英譯的。

《四門泥》原文如下：

是英雄自有英雄面，怕什么越庖代俎，還他一個矢雙穿。
人生一世幾華年，男兒六尺誰輕賤？

精金百煉，磨礪時賢。將軍一劍，恢復(fù)利權(quán)；
便封豕長蛇，也不過再起群龍戰(zhàn)。

美國加州大學(xué)教授白之（Cyril Birch）的英譯如下：

To each true hero his hero's fame,
Why fear the makeshift's over-reaching——
For him the shaft that pierces twice.
Brief, in our life span, the years of splendor;
Who shall disdain the youth full-growth?
Like steel a hundred times refined
Train up the sages of our day;
Our general with arrows there
Shall restore their rights and powers.
But dignify the beast, the serpent
And naught is won but a fresh striving for sway.

《油葫蘆》原文如下：

十萬橫磨如電閃，一霎入幽燕。
揮落日，掃浮煙，烽火斷神州，血浪黃河遠；
毳幕走群狐，落葉西風卷。

一個是千年老大無雙國，一個是萬里馳驅(qū)第一鞭；
算不了鷸蚌相持，漁夫垂涎。

也是白之英譯：

A hundred thousand razor-edged swords, a lightning flash
In one brief instant striking on Hopei.
When the sun has set
And the night breeze clears the mists,
No beacon fires burn now in China;
But the length of the Yellow River runs blood.
The felt tents scattered like foxes,
Dead leaves spinning in the west wind.
Before us the grand old country, peerless through the centuries,
And we the first whip-crack, hot from our thousand-league gallop.
This is no common deadlock of snipe and oyster,
——Let no fisherman lick his lips.

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