文革時期常用詞匯的英譯

蔣割荊

S（2）

上串下跳

run clandestine errands up and down the line

上大當，吃大虧

be badly fooled and suffer severely

上刀山，入火海

climb a mountain of swords or plunge into a sea of flames

《上海公報》（《中華人民共和國和美利堅合眾國聯(lián)合公報》）

Shanghai Communiqué (Joint Communiqué of the People's Republic of China and the United States of America 1972)

上綱上線

raise it to the level of principle and political line

“上窮碧落下黃泉，兩處茫茫皆不見”

（編者譯）"Searching up to the heavens and down to the netherworld, where can I find her?"

上山下鄉(xiāng)

go to the mountainous areas and the countryside

上臺

climb to power/take power/rise (come) power/ascend to power

上無片瓦，下無寸地

have neither a tile over one's heads nor s speck of land under one's feet

少而精

fewer and better/less but better/condensed and concentrated

少、慢、差、費

get few, slow, poor and expensive results

少數(shù)服從多數(shù)，下級服從上級，局部服人全體，全黨服從中央

The minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower level to the higher level, the part to the whole and the entire membership to the Central Committee.

少走彎路

avoid detours

舍車馬、保將帥

sacrifice the knights in order to save the queen

“舍得一身剮，敢把皇帝拉下馬”

"Whoever is not afraid of death by a thousand cuts dares to unhorse the emperor."

社會發(fā)展規(guī)律

law of social development

（人們的）社會存在決定人們的意識

The social being of men determines their consciousness.

社會風(fēng)氣

social convention/prevail in society

社會關(guān)系

social connections

社會渣滓

dregs of society

“社會主義大家庭論”

the theory of "socialist community"

社會主義教育運動

the socialist education movement

社來社去

recruit students from the people's communes on the understanding that upon graduation they will go back to work where they come from

社員大會

general meeting of people's commune members

身敗名裂

lose all standing and reputation

身教勝于言教

Example (practice) is better than precept.

身經(jīng)百戰(zhàn)

experienced many battles/battle-tested

深仇大恨

with immense hatred/bitter and deep-seated hatred

深厚感情

deep feeling for

深惡痛絕

implacable hatred

深入人心

win support among the people/found its way ever deeper into the hearts of the people

深入工農(nóng)兵群眾

go into the very midst of the workers, peasants and soldiers

深入基層

go to the units at the basic level

深入實際斗爭

go into the thick of practical struggles

神采奕奕，容光煥發(fā)

in high spirits

神乎其神

miraculous

神圣不可侵犯

be scared and inviolable

什么壞事都干得出來

be capable of doing anything, no matter how foul it is

什么階級說什么話

People always speak according to their class.

什么人間奇跡都可以創(chuàng)造出來

Miracles can be performed.

什么籐結(jié)什么瓜，什么階級說什么話

Each particular plant yields its own particular fruit; each class speaks in its own terms.

甚囂塵上

make a lot of noise/a great of clamor has arisen

審查

undergo examination/review

審干

examine the personal record of cadres/examination of cadres' histories

滲透

infiltrate

升官發(fā)財

win promotion and get rich

生搬硬套

apply mechanically

生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團

the Production and Construction Corps of the PLA

生產(chǎn)突擊隊

frontline production brigade

生的偉大，死的光榮

A great life! A glorious death!

生活津貼

subsistence allowance

生活空虛

lead empty lives

生活作風(fēng)問題

style of living

生活特殊化

live at a far higher standard than ordinary people

生活小事

petty everyday matters

生活作風(fēng)方面的一般性錯誤

run-of-the-mill mistakes in day-to-day life

生米已成熟飯

It is no use crying over spilt milk.

聲名狼藉

discredited/bad reputation/notorious

聲勢浩大，波瀾壯闊

gigantic and vigorous

聲討大會

denunciation mass meeting

勝敗乃兵家常事

Defeats or victories are ordinary things to a general.

勝不驕，敗不餒

not be dizzy with success, nor be discouraged by failure

勝利沖昏頭腦

get dizzy with success

盛氣凌人，不可一世

throw one's weight about, become overbearing

失敗是成功之母

Failure is the mother of success.

失道寡助

Being unjust, is lacked popular support.

時代潮流

trend of the times

時代最強音

the most powerful music of our time

“時代精神匯合論”

"the merging of various trends as the spirit of the age"

識大體，顧大局

keep the whole situation in mind

識時務(wù)者為俊杰

Whoever understands the times is wise./Whosoever understands the signs of the times is a great man.

十惡不赦

guilty beyond forgiveness

十個指頭中一個指頭的問題

a question of one finger among ten

《十六條》—《中國共產(chǎn)黨中央委員會關(guān)于無產(chǎn)階級文化大革命的決定》

Decision of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party Concerning the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (i.e., the 16-Point Decision)

十月革命一聲炮響

the salvos of the October Revolution

十月懷胎，一朝分娩

ten months of pregnancy, the day of birth

拾人牙慧

take up and adopt others' thoughts instead of using one's own/offer another's ideas as one's own

實踐、認識、再實踐、再認識

practice, knowledge, again practice, and again knowledge

實事求是

seek truth from facts

實用主義

pragmatism

使用種種卑鄙惡毒的手段

resort to all sorts of vile and vicious tricks

使用干部

make proper use cadres

史無前例

unprecedented

世界觀

world outlook

世界上有些大的東西，其實并不可怕

There are big things in the world which are actually not to be feared.

世上無難事，只怕有心人

Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.

世外桃源

a place as haven

拭目以待

watchful/wait and see

試金石

touchstone

勢不兩立

irreconcilable

勢如破竹，所向披靡

brave dauntlessly all difficulties and be ever victorious

市場繁榮，物價穩(wěn)定

The market is brisk and commodity prices are stable.

市儈哲學(xué)

philistine philosophy

視而不見聽而不聞

see and hear it without taking any notice

視死如歸

look death calmly in the face/face death with equanimity

視作洪水猛獸

seem as dangerous as floods and wild beasts

事出有因，查無實據(jù)

There is good cause for that, but no evidence is found.

事后諸葛亮

be wise after the event

事物都是一分為二的

Everything tends to divide into two.

事物總是在一定條件下向它的對立面轉(zhuǎn)化的

Everything tends to change into its opposite in particular conditions.

事務(wù)主義者

routine plodder

事前請示，事后報告

Instructions should be procured beforehand and a report made afterwards.

事業(yè)單位

public undertakings

是可忍，孰不可忍？

If this can be tolerated, what cannot?

誓師大會

a rally of pledge/oath-taking rally

誓死保衛(wèi)

defy death to defend

誓死捍衛(wèi)

vow to defend with one's life

適得其反

on the contrary

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