文革時(shí)期常用詞匯的英譯

蔣割荊

T（2）

聽(tīng)其言而觀其行

hear their words and judge them by their deeds/hear what a man says and see how he acts

聽(tīng)取群眾意見(jiàn)

listen to the masses

聽(tīng)任宰割

place themselves at the mercy of

聽(tīng)天由命

submit to the will of God/abide by the will of Heaven/trust to luck

聽(tīng)之任之

allow them to continue/let one have one's own way

鋌而走險(xiǎn)

risk danger when in desperation/take a risk

挺身而出

step forth bravely

通報(bào)

circular/notification for general information

通風(fēng)報(bào)信

provide someone with information

同病相憐

People similarly afflicted feel pity for one another. /Fellow sufferers sympathize with one another.

同吃、同住、同勞動(dòng)（即“三同”）

eat, live and work together with the masses

同仇敵愾

fight shoulder to shoulder with/treat one as a common enemy

同床異夢(mèng)

sleep in the same bed but dream different dreams

同黨一條心

be at one with the Party

同甘共苦

share weal and woe with/share joys and sorrows/in weal and woe

同甘苦，共患難

share weal and woe/go through storm and stress together with

同工同酬

equal pay for equal work

同呼吸，共命運(yùn)

share weal and woe

同流合污

wallow the mire with/join in their evil-doings

同生死，共患難

coming together through thick and thin/go through hardships and tribulations together

同謀者

accomplices

同舟共濟(jì)

share with one in trouble

銅墻鐵壁

wall of bronze/iron bastions

統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃

over-all planning

統(tǒng)籌兼顧

over-all planning and all-round considerations

統(tǒng)購(gòu)統(tǒng)銷

planned purchase and marketing by the state

統(tǒng)一計(jì)劃，統(tǒng)一安排，統(tǒng)一調(diào)配，統(tǒng)一分配收入

unified planning, unified arrangement, unified allocation of resources and unified distribution of income

統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，分散經(jīng)營(yíng)

unified leadership and decentralized management

統(tǒng)一認(rèn)識(shí)，統(tǒng)一政策，統(tǒng)一計(jì)劃，統(tǒng)一指揮，統(tǒng)一行動(dòng)

unity in thinking, policy, plan, command and action

痛打落水狗

relentlessly beat the dog in the water

痛改前非

reform with a keen sense of error/reform earnestly one's misdeeds

痛擊

batter

痛加批判

subject... to merciless criticism

痛哭流涕

cry and shed bitter tears

偷工減料

cheat in work and cut down material

偷梁換柱

secretly replacing the beams and pillars with rotten timbers

偷天換日

play a sly trick/substitute the fake for the genuine

投案自首

give oneself up to the government

投靠

hire oneself out to/sell oneself to/throw oneself into the arms of/put oneself under the wing of/subservient to

投機(jī)倒把

speculate/profiteering/capitalize

投機(jī)取巧

gain something by trickery

投身到斗爭(zhēng)中去

plunge into the thick of the fray/participate in the struggle

頭等大事

issue of prime importance

頭號(hào)敵人

enemy number one

（黨內(nèi)）頭號(hào)走資本主義道路的當(dāng)權(quán)派

top Party person in power (the number one Party person in power) taking the capitalist road

頭可斷，血可流

not afraid of death or shedding our blood/not afraid to lose our lives or to shed our blood

頭可斷，血可流，祖國(guó)的神圣領(lǐng)土一寸也不能丟

We are determined to defend our motherland at the cost of our lives and shall never yield even one inch of our sacred territory to the enemy.

頭面人物

bigwig/those in the limelight/top people

頭目

ringleader/chieftain

頭痛醫(yī)頭，腳痛醫(yī)腳

palliative measures for one's illness

透過(guò)現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)

see through the appearance to perceive the essence

突出無(wú)產(chǎn)階級(jí)政治

put proletarian politics in the forefront

突出政治

put politics first

突破口

force a breakthrough into

徒有虛名

have an undeserved reputation

涂脂抹粉

embellish/varnish/make presentable

屠刀

butcher's knife

土辦法

indigenous methods

“土包子”

boor/bumpkin

土崩瓦解

crumble and perish

“土豆燒牛肉的共產(chǎn)主義”

"goulash communism"

土洋并舉

simultaneous employment of modern and indigenous methods of production

土專家

indigenous experts

吐故納新

exhale the old and inhale the new/get rid of stale and take in the fresh

兔死狐悲，物傷其類

The fox mourns over the death of the hare. Like mourns over the death of like.

團(tuán)結(jié)、緊張、嚴(yán)肅、活潑

Be united, alert, earnest and lively.

團(tuán)結(jié)一切可能團(tuán)結(jié)的力量

unite with all those forces that can be united with

團(tuán)結(jié)在黨的周圍

rally closely around the Party

團(tuán)結(jié)在一起，戰(zhàn)斗在一起，勝利在一起

always be united, always fight together and be victorious together

團(tuán)結(jié)、批評(píng)、教育的政策

the policy of uniting with, criticizing and educating...

（把一切錯(cuò)誤）推給別人，把一切功勞歸于自己

shift all errors onto others and claim all credits for themselves

推陳出新

weed through the old to let the new grow

推到某人身上

lay the entire blame on someone

推薦和選拔相結(jié)合的新招生辦法

a new method of enrolment, a combination of recommendation and selection

推卸責(zé)任

shirk one's responsibility

退避三舍

keep a good distance from

退出歷史舞臺(tái)

quit the stage of history/retire from the stage of history

退贓從寬、不退從嚴(yán)

be lenient with those who return the loot, but severe with those who refuse to do so

蛻化變質(zhì)分子

political degenerates

拖泥帶水

be dragged through mud/messy matters

拖人下水

involve in trouble/drag into hot water

脫產(chǎn)

be disengaged from work

脫節(jié)

out of keeping with

脫離群眾

estrange oneself from the masses

脫胎換骨

create new thing out of the old

脫穎而出

become eminent/come out into the open

鴕鳥(niǎo)政策

ostrich policy

唾棄

cast aside

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